Ask an AI expert: What exactly is the full stack?

Google researchers have published a technical breakdown of the full-stack AI infrastructure, detailing how hardware, software, and model architectures integrate to support large-scale machine learning. By mapping the layers from data centers and networking to specialized processing units and training frameworks, the guide aims to provide a standardized architectural reference for developers and engineers. This overview offers clarity on the hardware-software dependencies required to train and deploy modern generative models at an enterprise level.