Few-Shot Left Atrial Wall Segmentation in 3D LGE MRI via Meta-Learning

arXiv:2603.24985v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Segmenting the left atrial wall from late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance images (MRI) is challenging due to the wall's thin geometry, low contrast, and the scarcity of expert annotations. We propose a Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML) framework for K-shot (K = 5, 10, 20) 3D left atrial wall segmentation that is meta-trained on the wall task together with auxiliary left atrial and right atrial cavity tasks and uses a boundary-aware composite loss to emphasize thin-structure accuracy. We evaluated MAML segmentation performance on a hold-out test set and assessed robustness under an unseen synthetic shift and on a distinct local cohort. On the hold-out test set, MAML appeared to improve segmentation performance compared to the supervised fine-tuning model, achieving a Dice score (DSC) of 0.64 vs. 0.52 and HD95 of 5.70 vs. 7.60 mm at 5-shot, and approached the fully supervised reference at 20-shot (0.69 vs. 0.71…